Northern Wei Brick from a Buddhist Shrine - AM.0238 Origin: China Circa: 386
AD
to 534
AD Dimensions:12.5" (31.8cm) high x 6.25 " (15.9cm) wide Collection: Chinese Art Style: Northern Wei Dynasty Medium: Clay
The period of the Northern Wei dynasty was
crucial to the development of Buddhist art in
China. Prior to this there was a heavy reliance on
foreign-derived models, especially from India,
the birthplace of Buddhism. During the fifth and
sixth centuries Chinese artists began to
experiment and produced new styles unique to
the region. This was made possible because the
Northern Wei dynasty lent its support to the
Buddhist faith. The cave sites at Yungang and
Longmen attest to the flourishing of Buddhist
piety and it has been estimated that by the sixth
century there were over 30,000 monasteries in
Northern China. Multiple images of the Buddha
and his attendants were carved in stone, wood
and clay.
This rectangular brick tile comes from a large
group that probably formed the interior wall of a
religious foundation or shrine. It is moulded
from a dark grey clay that was fired and then
painted. The image of a standing Buddha is
carved in low relief within a rectangular frame.
Traces of the original red pigment are still visible
in the niche. A circular mandorla frames the
head
which displays a large ushnisha, symbolic of the
Buddha’s spiritual wisdom. The drapery covers
both shoulders and in arranged in semi-circular
pleats. The left hand holds an unidentifiable
object and the right is raised in the gesture of
preaching. Considerable care has been taken to
illustrate the width of the sleeve at the Buddha’s
right elbow. It is unusual for such architectural
fragments to survive from such an early period
and it will appeal to all those fascinated by the
history of Buddhism.