The impact of the horse on the history of
China
cannot be underestimated. In fact, the
ancient
unification and expansion of the Chinese
Empire
was due in large part to this majestic
creature.
Their rapid mobility enabled quick
correspondence between far away
provinces,
allowing the establishment of a centralized
power. Likewise, the military role of horses
aided in the conquest and submission of
distant
lands. The influence of the horse on the
history
and culture of China can be viewed, in part,
through the artistic legacy of this great
civilization. Believed to be relatives of
mythological dragons, a theory reflecting
their
sacred status, horses were glorified and
revered
in sculpture, painting, and literature. During
the
unification of China under the Han Dynasty,
bands of mounted nomadic warriors from
the
north threatened the country. In order to
thwart
their attacks, the Chinese imported stronger,
faster steeds from Central Asia (as opposed
to
the native Mongol ponies) eventually leading
to
the creation of the Silk Road. In ancient
China,
owning a horse required wealth and status.
Eventually, they became signs of one's
social
standing. Equestrian activities such as polo
further encouraged the indulgence of the
wealthy
few who owned horses. This terracotta
sculpture
of a horse captures the bold lines and strong
muscularity of the horse. During the Han
Dynasty, the horse was rendered in miniature
sculptural form specifically in order to be
interred with the dead. It was believed that
the
sculpted version could assume the powers
of its
living counterpart in the afterlife and assist
the
deceased in the dangerous journey to the
next
world. This custom catered to the needs of
a
particular belief system regarding life after
death
and the spiritual world. Not only is this
sculpture
an ancient answer to an eternal question that
continues to plague us even today, but it is
also a
stunning work of art of tremendous historical
and cultural significance.
- (H.731)
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