Western Central Asia, now known as
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and northern
Afghanistan, has yielded objects attesting to a
highly developed civilization in the late third and
early second millennium B.C.
Although artifacts from the region indicate that
there were contacts with Iran to the southwest,
these seals were diffused uniquely within Central
Asia and were never recovered in neighbouring
countries such as Iran or Mesopotamia,
suggesting that they must have been an
indigenous production of the BMAC
complex.
These distinctive openwork copper or bronze
stamp seals, often called "compartmented" seals,
were cast in lost wax in both geometric and
figural patterns in Bactria-Margiana. On the
front they were ornamented by various
geometrical images and sometimes by a whole
composition including people and animals. Such
images were made by means of partitions on the
front side of the seal, and that is why they are
labelled compartmented. On the back they
always had a loop-shaped handle, like the seal
here illustrated, possibly held to make an
impression in clay.
This copper-alloy example features a totally
geometric composition with drop-like motifs
radiating from a central roundel.The whole
surface features a beautiful incrustation on both
sides with iridescent speckles and splashes of
azurite patina.
References: V. Sarianidi, Margus, 2002: pp. 258-
279; and J. Aruz ed., Art of the First Cities, 2003:
pp. 369-372.