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The ancient civilization of Gandhara was located
in the region encompassing modern
northeastern Afghanistan and northwestern
Pakistan. Situated at a confluence of trading
paths along the Silk Route, the area was flooded
in diverse cultural influences ranging from
Greece to China. According to tradition
Buddhism was first introduced into the
Gandharan region under the patronage of Asoka,
emperor of the Mauryan dynasty, in the third
century B.C. The first significant physical remains
to survive, including stupas and figurative
sculpture, date from the first century B.C.
Between c.100-400 A.D. sculptors working in
schist, terracotta and stucco produced an
astonishing number and variety of Buddhist
images. The region became an important
pilgrimage site for Buddhists from across Asia as
it was claimed that events from the Buddha’s
former lives had occurred in the area.
This stucco head most probably represents the
Buddha. Although the top-knot, symbolising
wisdom and spiritual enlightenment, is now
missing the base remains indicating its former
existence. Despite the damage there is
considerable charm in the facial expression,
particularly the slightly upturned lips with the
indication of a smile. The deeply carved eyes are
downcast suggesting meditation and detachment
from an earthly existence.
- (AM.0223)
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