Large-scale zemi figures in stone, wood and shell were commissioned by Taino chieftains (caciques) and stored in temple-like structures. Miniature, amulet-like, versions such as this one may have been owned by a wider section of society. The detail of the carving however, especially on the reverse, confirms that this was a high status object with a talismanic function. The zemi is depicted in a ritual squatting position with his knees bent and inward facing. The position of the hands, with the fingers pointing vertically downwards above the knees, also recalls the pose adopted by Taino shamans during the cohoba rituals. According to Taino beliefs, shamans were able to communicate with the souls of deceased ancestors when they entered into a trance-like state induced by the hallucinogenic cohoba. The facial features are skeletal, with circular sunken orbits, triangular nose and gaping mouth. On the reverse, the ribcage and spine are indicated, as are the feet which have been tucked beneath the body. A symmetrical design of incised triangles adorns the back of the head. Similar geometric motifs are a recurring feature in Taino art and must have had some cosmological significance for their original audience. This is superbly crafted piece that offers a fascinating insight into the religious life of the Taino. (AM) - (BF.003)